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November 22, 2009 SEARCH drSpock 
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Ask Dr. Jana

Nipple Confusion
QUESTION
How likely is nipple confusion?

— Amy in Detroit, Michigan

ANSWER
June 6, 2000
The basic idea behind "nipple confusion" is that babies who are offered both the breast and an artificial nipple can sometimes have difficulty switching between the two, lose their desire to nurse at the breast, or even develop sucking problems. While nipple confusion is not uncommon, each baby is different; some babies are able to breastfeed or bottlefeed interchangeably from birth, while others are not.

Factors that might influence how likely your baby is to develop nipple confusion include how old he is, how well he is breastfeeding and gaining weight, and if you have offered a bottle or pacifier-has your baby had any difficulty switching back to nursing at the breast.

Most parents who ask about nipple confusion want to know when they should (or can) introduce a bottle. This depends on how well breastfeeding has been established, as well as other circumstances such as a mother's return to work or upcoming absence(s).

In general, waiting until at least 3 weeks of age for a baby who is breastfeeding and gaining weight well allows your milk supply to be well-established and the technique to be mastered.

As for a pacifier, I believe in the practical approach. You should decide if it seems to be interfering with or replacing your baby's desire or ability to nurse at the breast. If not, then I see no problem allowing your child to use one.

— by Laura Jana, M.D., F.A.A.P.

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