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Responding to School Shootings: What Parents Can Say and Do

by Robert Needlman, M.D., F.A.A.P.
reviewed by Robert Sege, M.D., Ph.D.
The last few years have seen a string of unspeakably horrible acts of violence in which children have opened fire on their classmates using high-powered handguns and rifles. The locations of these events--Littleton, Jonesboro, Springfield, and others--have come to stand for a nightmare reality. Television has brought the horror into every home. And while each new incident brings renewed calls for somebody (that is, for us) to do something, it also raises questions about our ability to stop the violence.

School shootings pose particular questions for us as parents: How will our children react? What is the effect on children when violence can suddenly appear in a place that is supposed to be safe? What can we say to help our children cope? Moreover, what can we--and our children--do to prevent school shootings?

Why talk about it?
A school shooting makes big news. Even if you try to shield your child, chances are that he will hear about the event in graphic detail from friends. If you don't ask, your child may not tell you that he's concerned; he may decide that your silence means either that you don't care or that you don't want to talk about the issue. Like many other tough topics, not talking about school shootings is only bound to intensify any emotional effects.

Children worry about school shootings for the same reason that parents do: The fact that such terrible events do happen means that they could happen to them. While children are confronted by violent events on a daily basis, most don't hit so close to home. The "it can't happen here" approach does not apply readily to school shootings.

Even so, many children respond to news of a school shooting without much apparent upset. But they may be upset inside. The best way to find out is to ask. A simple question, "What do you think about the shooting in ______?" may be all you need to start the conversation. You might also ask, "What are the kids in school saying about it?" or "What did the teacher say?" The important thing is to open up the topic, then listen to your child. Let your child know that whatever he is feeling is OK, whether it's fear, grief, or not much at all.

Children at risk
Some children are more likely to have a strong emotional reaction to the news of a school shooting, especially those
  • who are temperamentally prone to anxiety;

  • of a similar age to the victims or the shooter;

  • who have been previously traumatized, including those who were victims of child abuse, witnesses to domestic violence, or refugees from political violence;

  • who live near the site of the shooting (same region, state, or city). (Children who attend the same school are bound to suffer serious trauma and should all receive professional attention.)
What you can say
At any age, the most basic psychological need is to feel safe. A young child often can be reassured by a confident parent who simply states, "I will make sure that you are safe--I always do." Of course, in reality you cannot absolutely guarantee your child's safety. But young children see their parents as all-powerful, and feeling safe is critically important. So, it's best to promise safety.

As children move through elementary school, they become more and more aware that their parents' powers are limited. They can see that Mom and Dad cannot honestly guarantee that nothing bad will ever happen. But they need to know that their parents are doing everything they possibly can to ensure their safety.

Some children may find comfort in the fact that school shootings are very rare events. The actual chance that a shooting will occur in any particular school is extremely small. Most children, however, can't understand the concept of probability or risk. A parent's reassurance is much more powerful.

What you can do
Although talking with your child is important, it is even more helpful to also take positive action. By taking action, you make good on your promise to do everything you possibly can to keep your child safe. By helping him to also become active, you fight against the crippling feeling of helplessness in the face of a threat.
  • Find out about the safety plan at your child's school. It should include not only rules to keep weapons out of the school, but also strategies to address the problem of violence at all levels. Talk with the principal and the PTA. If the school safety plan seems inadequate, get involved to make it better. The other articles in this section outline several effective approaches.


  • One of the most important parts of a school safety plan is a commitment on the part of the school to not tolerate bullying and other forms of violence. This commitment has to be shared by everyone involved: the teachers, administration, and children.


  • Children know best who the children are who need help, or who might be planning a violent act. Let your child know that it is OK--in fact, it is critically important--that he and other students tell a teacher or other responsible adult about any child who is concerning. Helping that troubled child may be the key to keeping the whole school safe.

 RELATED INFORMATION
*  Violence in the News: Talking with Your Child
*  School Problems
*  Violence

Related Message Boards
*Aggressive Behaviors and Violence
*Times of Crisis



Created June 24, 2001
Reviewed August 21, 2001
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